Advance Body Building Programme

So, you've kept at it for a couple of years and see a lot of improvement from your salad days of bodybuilding. Good! Now, the bad news: the road gets a lot rougher from here on. This is point where the smart bodybuilders are separated from the rest.

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Introduction

So, you've kept at it for a couple of years and should see a lot of improvement from your salad days of bodybuilding. Good for you! Now, the bad news: the road gets a lot rougher from here on. Gaining mass was relatively easy during your first year, but now you have to fight hard for each additional pound. This is point where the smart bodybuilders are separated from the rest.

Training

By now you should have mastered the basic exercises and have a fair grasp of what machines and specialty-exercises work for you and which doesn't. That's a great start, but there's also a risk you've established a shortlist of favorites. If you're really good at leg extensions and have a machine that fits you perfectly, odds are you'll keep going back to that machine week after week.

Likewise, it's tempting to skip tough exercises like deadlifts in favor of that neat lower-back machine, followed by the low-rowing machine that hits your lats just right. In short, you're getting comfortable with your routine, and that's a dead-end street.

First off, you must kill your darlings. If you always do a certain exercise it ceases to be effective as the body adjusts to it, even if you increase the weight a notch once in a while. You need to switch things around, routinely try new exercises and purposefully do "inconvenient" stuff to keep the muscles guessing. It is also very important to vary your sets and reps.

I discuss this in depth in Periodization: The Key To Continuous Gains. (For clarity, I have not taken periodization into account for the reps listed in the sample schedule below.)

To establish a framework for this constantly evolving workout routine we need to switch the old cookie-cutter workout for a more dynamic approach. To accomplish this, the sample workout below has a number of blocks into which you pick one exercise from the corresponding "pool."

Each pool, named "Chest pool #1", "Chest pool #2" etc., are tilted towards either basic meat-and-potatoes exercises like dumbbell presses or movements like cable crossover flies where the focus is more on mind-muscle connection and "feel". Both types have their place in your workout, and the frame below makes sure you always get some of each.

It may feel a bit unusual at first, but as you get used to this type of mix-and-match workouts you'll appreciate the flexibility. By constantly changing the exercises around, especially in combination with alternating high rep/low weight and low rep/high weight training, you should avoid plateaus and enjoy continuous progress.

At the same time, having a set frame with so-and-so many exercises for a particular bodypart, of which 2 or 3 are classic mass-builders from different angles and 1 or 2 are "feel" exercises, you can be sure no muscle group is falling between the chairs. All right, let's have a look at a sample schedule to see how we put it together:

Sample Dynamic Schedule

Chest/Triceps

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Chest #1	2	6-8
Chest #2	2	6-8
Chest #3	2	8-10
Chest/Triceps #4	2	8-10
Triceps #1	2	8-10
Triceps #2	2	8-10
Triceps #3	2	8-10

Pick one exercise from each of these pools and insert:

Chest Pool #1

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Flat dumbbell presses	2	6-8
Decline dumbbell presses	2	6-8
Flat iso-lateral bench press machine	2	6-8

Chest Pool #2

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Barbell military presses	2	6-8
Arnold presses	2	6-8
Incline dumbbell presses	2	6-8

Chest Pool #3

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Pec-deck flies	2	8-10
Cable crossover flies	2	8-10
Dumbbell pullovers	2	8-10

Chest/Triceps Pool #4

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Dips	2	8-10
Close-grip bench press on flat bench	2	8-10
Military-style push-ups	2	Unlimted

Triceps Pool #1

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Skullcrushers	2	6-8
Standing barbell tricep presses	2	6-8
Cable tricep pushdowns (V-handle)	2	6-8

Triceps Pool #2

Exercise	Sets	Reps
One-arm dumbbell tricep extensions	3	8-10
Low cable tricep extensions	3	8-10
Kneeling cable tricep extensions	3	8-10

Triceps Pool #3

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Dumbbell kickbacks	2	10-12
Lying dumbbell tricep extensions	2	10-12
One-arm cable reverse pushdowns	2	10-12

EXAMPLE:

Exercise	Sets	Reps
Flat iso-lateral bench press machine (option 3)	2	6-8
Barbell military presses (option 1)	2	6-8
Cable crossover flies (option 2)	2	8-10
Close-grip bench press on flat bench (option 2)	2	8-10
Cable tricep pushdowns (option 3)	2	6-8
One-arm dumbbell tricep extensions (option 1)	3	8-10
One-arm cable reverse pushdowns (option 3)	2	10-12

The 3 exercises in each pool above are just samples -- you can expand and adjust your own pools as you see fit with a dozen or more options for each pool. The more exercises you add, the more variety you will enjoy while still keeping your workouts structured. For more exercises, check out Bodybuilding.com's exercise database,

As for when to train each body part, you can stick with a 3-day or 4-day split as outlined in the Intermediate-chapter, or go to a 5-day or even 6-day split. Personally, I prefer a 5-day split over the course of a week as outlined below:

Day 1: Chest/Triceps
Day 2: Quads/Hamstrings
Day 3: Rest
Day 4: Back
Day 5: Calfs/Shoulders
Day 6: Biceps/Forearms/Abs
Day 7: Rest

The sample schedule above is what I use for Day 1: Chest/Triceps. It's a short, intense workout that takes about 30 minutes (not counting warmup) and is just enough to trigger growth without depleting stored energy. Some prefer to stick with a 3-days-a-week schedule - that's fine too, the important thing is that you find a schedule that allows you to get productive workouts and provide enough time to recover.

Diet

At this point you should be into the habit of healthy eating, routinely tracking your calories and protein intake through the day. There's really not much to add other than you need make regular reviews to make sure your metabolism hasn't changed.

Muscle mass is active tissue that burns calories 24/7, and the more you put on the more your metabolism will go up, which in turn forces you to adjust your daily caloric intake upwards to meet the demand. If you don't, you could stunt further progress by not feeding your body the extra calories it needs to add more muscle mass.

When you believe you have added 4-5 lbs of muscle mass since your last review, carefully increase your caloric intake while keeping a close watch on the scale and your waist/chest/arm/thigh measurements. Check bi-weekly or so and keep notes. If your waist starts growing - back off and bring the calories down again, otherwise continue slowly increasing the intake.

It's all tuning at this point, and once you've found your new equilibrium, make a note of it and use it as your permanent target intake until you've gained more mass and repeat the process.

Of course, ectomorphs don't have to worry about any of this - just keep eating as much good stuff as you can and you'll be fine! Also, if you're an endomorph or mesomorph and all the fine-tuning above makes your skin crawl, you could go with the classic bulk-and-diet cycle instead.

It gives more leeway during the bulk-phase, allowing you to eat the stuff you want for 6 months or so, but on the other hand you have to suffer a few months of tight dieting and cardio afterwards to burn off the body fat you accumulated. I prefer the fine-tuning approach to wild yo-yo swings, but ultimately it comes down to personal preference.

Supplements

Supplements continue to grow in importance since you need every edge you can get to coax your body to add another pound or two. As always, a good multivitamin/mineral supplement remains at the top of your must-have list to ensure you're not running a deficiency in any key vitamin or mineral. After that, you have your protein supplements, creatine, glutamine and vitamin C tablets, in that order. What else is there? Simply put: Tons.

Unfortunately, unless you're Bill Gates, taking ALL available supplements at the same time is not economically feasible and probably not even desirable. For a more realistic approach, pick one or two supplements beyond your staples (vitamins,protein, creatine, vitamin C) at the time and give them a shot.

Not everyone reacts the same way to a specific supplement, so you want to get an idea of what works best for you before you make a habit out of sinking hard-earned money into buying something every month. Let's have a look at some of the products available out there.

Thermogenic Enhancers - 

Also known as "fat burners" - Can be a good help for burning body fat, but hardly the kind of magic pill the marketers in the muscle mags would have you believe. Though many manufacturers are switching to ephedra-free formulas, the classic fat burner is a combination of ephedrine/caffeine/aspirin ("E/C/A") that works synergistically to pump up your metabolism and help you burn more calories.

There are two sides to this story: First off, it's a very effective supplement that delivers. Secondly, it's a potent central stimulant and isn't for everyone. You can read more about ephedra here.

CLA - 

Conjugated Linoleic Acid, or CLA for short, is a free fatty acid that, like creatine, occurs naturally in small amounts in a variety of foods. To avoid having to eat huge quantities of meat and dairy products every day, bodybuilders can take CLA in capsule-form to enjoy benefits such as building muscle and reducing body fat.

Pyruvate - 

Pyruvate is the starter of Kreb's cycle, the energy cycle that produces ATP and its precursors. It has shown good effect on enhancing fat burn and increasing athletic performance, making it a popular supplement.

BCAAs -

BCAA's position as a staple supplement for millions of bodybuilders is well deserved - it has a proven track record and the scientific data to back it up. The product itself is pretty simple: 3 essential amino acids, Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine, combined into a potent cocktail focused on enhancing your bodybuilding progress.

In addition to the benefits above, BCAAs also help stimulate protein synthesis, enhance endurance and - perhaps most important of all - is highly anticatabolic, i.e. helps prevent your muscle from getting cannibalized.

Glucosamine -

Glucosamine is a building block of cartilage and can be very beneficial in healing connective tissue. I have successfully used glucosamine supplementation daily for years, which - knock on wood - has kept the old joint problems with my knees and a previously torn shoulder at bay. However, glucosamine can also be taken as a precautionary supplement, as it helps "cushion" the joints and ligaments, possibly helping you avoid injuries in the first place.

HMB - 

Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine that plays a role in muscle synthesis, i.e muscle growth. In addition, studies suggest it can be aiding in fat loss, making it a double-whammy of good news for bodybuilders.

Guggulsterones -

Guggul may have a funny-sounding name, but it sure can crank up the heat! It stimulates the thyroid to release more thyroid hormones, which in turn puts the metabolism in overdrive. Studies have shown that Guggulsterones can even treat certain hypothyroidal conditions.

GABA -

GABA is a relatively obscure bodybuilding supplement that works by stimulating the production of HGH. This makes it a good aid in fat loss for people whose HGH-levels have begun their inevitable decline due to the aging process. GABA is classified as a neurotransmitter and has the added bonus of helping you sleep and rest better, which could translate to better workouts.

Chromium Picolinate - 

Chromium picolinate is not a whiz-bang, overnight type of supplement, but long-term use can be helpful in keeping the insulin receptors primed for optimal use. This helps stabilize the blood sugar levels and makes glucose uptake (muscle fuel) run smoothly.

This type of fine-tuned insulin management enables to body to do more with less (remember, insulin also pushes the body to store more fat so it's good if you can reap the positive qualities of insulin with less of it floating around.) This in turn can help you lose fat and build muscle.

Tribulus Terrestis - 

Tribulus Terrestis increases the production of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), which in turn increases the natural testosterone levels.

Forskolin - 

Forskolin stimulates the thyroid gland to increase the release of thyroid hormones, which helps turn up the body's thermostat and get the fat burn going. In addition, forskolin has historically been used to treat a wide variety of ailments ranging from eczema to respiratory problems.

Chrysin - 

Chrysin is an isoflavone chemically extracted from plants with the potential to increase testosterone levels in athletes. As opposed to DHEA, andro and other prehormones, chrysin works by preventing the conversion (aromatization) of testosterone into estrogen.

Sample Supplement Schedule

When	Supplement	Dose
8:00 A.M.	Daily One multivitamin/mineral (with breakfast)	1 capsule
	Glutamine	5 grams
	Glucosamine	1,500 mg
	Chromium picolinate	200 mcg
12:00 PM	Vitamin C (w. lunch)	500 mg
4:00 PM	Gainer drink (with pre-workout snack)	2 scoops w. water
	Creatine	5 grams
	HMB	1,500 mg
6:30 PM	Creatine (with something sugary)	5 grams
	Glutamine	10 grams
	HMB	1,000 mg
7:00 PM	Vitamin C (w. dinner)	500 mg
10:30 PM	Pure protein drink (pre-bedtime snack)	2 scoops w. water
	HMB	1,500 mg

Tips & Tricks

• Be on the lookout for signs of overtraining. You have to be dedicated and persistent to become a successful bodybuilder, but there are times when you need to back off. Insomnia, irritability, fatigue, prolonged soreness and lack of enthusiasm for the training can be signs of overtraining. Take a break!

  You've been hammering your muscles every week for months or even years on end, so give them a week or two of total rest to recover. You may feel guilty at first, but odds are you'll come back stronger and more energized which translates to better results when you get back on track again. Just remember to keep eating plenty of protein to aid the recovery process.

• While not listed as a bodypart on its own, it doesn't hurt to throw in a couple sets of neck training on back day. Earlier, you got enough stimulation from deadlifts and shrugs, but as you get more serious you may want to complete the "look".

  The neck is visible year-round and, whether you like it or not, other people judge you unconsciously as weaker than you really are if your neck is skinny. If you're genetically blessed and was born with a bull neck, hey, no need to sweat it, but the rest of us may find it worth an extra 5-10 minutes per week.

• Don't let stretching become an afterthought. By stretching out the muscle you help blood with fresh nutrients flow into the muscle, which speeds up the recovery process. There is also a theory that stretching helps loosen up the fascial encasements around the muscle fibers, which gives them more room to grow.

  In addition, animal tests have shown that stretching can trigger hyperplasia (increased number of muscle cells) though this phenomenon has yet to be confirmed in humans.

• Once again, take good care of your joints and ligaments. As a beginner you could get away with jerking the weights around, but as the number of plates go up your safety margins shrink. If a joint snaps, you're out of the gym for months.

  Oh, and you're in a world of pain too - remember the facial expression of Pierre Fux when he tore both knees during that Flex Magazine photo shoot last year next time you get tempted to compromise safety and good form. The ground rules for joint care are:

1. Always control the weight.
2. Never bounce the weight.
3. Never overstretch a joint.
4. Never let the muscle rest while letting a joint or ligament "hold the load" (seated hamstring curls are notorious for this).

In addition, consider supplementing with 1,500 mg glucosamine per day as a precaution.

• An unfortunate pitfall of experienced bodybuilders is that we sometimes get intolerant towards newcomers who may not have figured out the gym etiquette yet.

  Remember, you too were a beginner once upon a time so chill out and keep things in perspective. Don't get mad when a beginner mindlessly stands too close to you while you're doing your bicep curls, just take a step to the side and keep your focus on your workout.

If you always get to the gym at 6 PM and always use a specific locker, don't give the glare to the newbie who unknowingly snagged it a minute before you showed up.

Keep your cool when he forgets to wipe his sweat off the bench - politely explain that gym rules dictates everyone must wipe down the equipment after themselves and point to the where the disinfectant spray and paper towels are. You get the idea - be tolerant and help them get on the right track. Besides, seething and holding grudges steals valuable energy and mental focus away from your workout.

Intensity Boosters

It takes a lot to trigger growth these days, so you need a well-rounded arsenal of intensity boosters to get the job done. That said, using any of the techniques outlined below is very demanding on the muscle and should NOT be routinely used for every workout.Instead, think of these tricks as extra spice you can throw into your workouts once every couple of weeks. Also, proper rest becomes increasingly important the more intensity-boosters you use, so make a point of getting the sleep and rest days you need.

Negative Training & Forced Negatives - Learn More

The muscle is up to 40% stronger in the negative phase than the positive phase. This is a security mechanism of the body; anything you're strong enough to hoist over your head, you can at least give a controlled descent rather than have it crash down and crack your skull open.

What makes this phenomena interesting is that you can tap into this "bonus" strength by employing training that specifically takes advantage of the difference between positive and negative strength. Please note, however, that you're essentially bypassing your body's built-in safety valves here.

You're walking a thin line between clobbering your muscles and injury, so be sure to employ VERY strict form and limiting your negative training to only once every couple of weeks, at most, for any specific muscle. Needless to say, you should avoid negatives altogether if you've had recent injuries, joint problems or any other reason to believe you are somehow weakened in that area.

The idea is to use more weight than you normally handle and focus only the negative phase. For example, if you normally bench press 300 lbs for 6 reps, you may choose to load on 350 lbs for 6 to 8 reps. Your partner helps you push the weight up (positive phase) while you slowly resist the weight all the way down on your own (negative phase).

Hold statically for a second at the bottom and let your partner help you bring it up again, and so on. Another variation is to use your normal 300 lbs and have your partner actively push down during the negative phase ("forced negatives") of each rep. The advantage of this is that he can vary the pressure depending on your fatigue, which ironically is also the downside - it's hard to track progress or even guess just how many pounds' worth of pressure he added to your set.

Partial Reps (aka. burns) - Learn More

You've probably noticed that you have "sticking points" for certain movements - your biceps usually give in at a certain point during a curl, the barbell usually stops at so-and-so many inches off your chest and so on. This is the point where you're biomechanically at your weakest.

Partial reps targets precisely that sticking point and can help you move on to heavier weights. It's hard to scientifically explain exactly why this works, but there are enough real-life anecdotes out there to include this method here.

The execution varies; either do an entire set of partials or use them as a finisher after your regular set. An example of the former would be doing bicep curls where you grab a dumbbell and only bend your elbow 45-60 degrees from start to stop through an entire set.

For the latter, you do your regular set to failure, then immediately grab a 30% or so lighter dumbbell and grind out another 6-8 partial reps to give your sticking point an extra kick in the pants. Expect pain! Partial reps are sometimes referred to as "burns", and once you're doing them you'll know why.

Cheating - Learn More

The very idea of including cheating in your workouts may seem to fly in the face of all the earlier talk about safety and the benefits of proper form. This is not necessarily true -- cheating is a valid intensity booster if it fulfills certain criteria. You can read more details on proper cheating here.

The bottom line is that the cheating should not detract from the regular reps, nor should it involve other muscle groups than those targeted for training. Furthermore, there are a number of safety issues that need to be addressed; again, read my in-depth article on cheating to get the bottom line.

Ballistic Training (aka. CAT training) - Learn More

Also known as Compensatory Acceleration Training (CAT), this is an advanced intensity booster that specifically targets the larger white, fast-twitch muscle fibers. The idea is to try and accelerate the weight through the positive phase, creating an effect similar to if you had used more weight than is actually on the bar.

But, and here's the kicker, it only has this "extra weight" effect as long as you're accelerating - as soon as you stop trying to accelerate and goes back to doing a regular rep, the barbell reverts to its normal weight.

Make sense? Compare it to pushing a car in neutral on a flat surface - if you start slowly and gradually increases the speed, it's not that hard to get it rolling at walking pace. However, try to get it rolling at walking pace in less than three seconds (increased acceleration) and you're suddenly working your butt off.

Translated to a bench press, this means you can make a 200 lb bench press feel like 300 lbs by accelerating through the movement. Now, suppose you have a sticking point halfway through the movement. By using ballistic training you can make the 200 lbs feel like and be as effective as your regular 300 lb benching, but you can slow down the acceleration through the sticking point, cutting the weight to 200-250 lbs for a split second, thus enabling you to complete the set without having the sticking point holding you back.

The Mental Game

As mentioned earlier, your biggest enemies are habit and routine. That goes for your mind as well as your muscles. If the workouts are heavy but unimaginative and generally ho-hum, you're running serious risk of hitting a plateau sooner rather than later. A telltale sign is if your mind keeps wandering between - or even during - sets.

Adopting a dynamic, ever-changing workout schedule like the one outlined earlier is a good start, but no variety of exercises can help you if your heart isn't in it anymore.

Sometimes a new training partner will do the trick. Or join a new gym. Or ditch your old workout routine and train like a powerlifter for a couple of months. Heck, sometimes even taking a month off (!) can be beneficial for the long-term results - you should be itching for the feel of a barbell in your hands again by the time you get back and your regained enthusiasm will pick up the slack and then some within a few months.

If you're looking for a real challenge for yourself, consider signing up for a local bodybuilding contest. Suddenly you have a deadline on the horizon to whip yourself into shape! In addition, you have a whole slew of new aspects of bodybuilding to learn and master, from pre-contest dieting to posing and choosing the right trunks.

As the stakes go up, so will your dedication and effort - or you'll face public humiliation on C-Day if you don't have your act together. Besides, if there ever was a time to take some pictures, it's the days before a contest. Even if you don't win you'll at least have something to look back on to inspire you for your next diet or contest.

One-Day Split Program For A Wider Chest & Massive Bi's

This program will get you on the road to a massive chest and bigger, stronger arms that people will notice in the gym - or anywhere you go for that matter. If you want a wide, skin-stretching chest like Jay Cutler, you need to train like him. You'll split your workout so that you'll be training chest earlier in the day and then return in the evening to train your arms, just as Jay does.

  

With this program your chest and arms are going to grow like crazy. Each champion-caliber training session will exhaust your chest and arms completely,pumping them so full of blood that your muscles have no choice but to grow like a pro!

Your muscles will get annihilated from all possible angles and recruit all the muscle fibers you need to force more strength and inches onto your chest and arms in as little time as possible!

Follow Jay Cutler's Sandow-winning training program and you'll be guaranteed to blast your way to armor-plated pecs and freaky arms fast - just like Mr "O"!

Workout #1 - Chest (AM Split):

Incline Dumbbell Press - 3 sets of 10 reps

Notes:
This is the movement that makes Jay's chest seem to explode out of his skin. It hits the biggest portion of the chest - the upper region. It also hits the middle and inside to outside portions of the pecs. Few muscles are more impressive than a full, armor-plated chest that extends all the way up to the shoulders.

Technique:
Lie back on the incline bench with dumbbells in each hand and palms facing forward. With your arms locked out and up overhead begin your movement by lowering the dumbbells in between the upper and middle of the chest. Control the weight on the way down, taking approximately two seconds to get to the bottom of the movement and then explode up in a controlled fashion. This will force your muscles to failure which leads to new growth!

  Flat Dumbbell Press - 3 sets of 10 reps

Notes:
No single exercise gives Jay Cutler's upper body more overall development than flat bench-pressing movements. The result is thick mass, bone-crushing strength and hard, dense muscles.

Jay Cutler More Upper Body

Development Than Flat Bench-Pressing Movements.

Technique:
Lie on a flat bench with your feet firmly planted on the ground. Just like the incline dumbbell press, you'll be holding dumbbells in each hand and palms facing forward. With your arms locked out and up overhead begin your movement by lowering the dumbbells in between the upper and middle of the chest. Control the weight on the way down taking approximately two seconds to get to the bottom of the movement and then explode up in a controlled fashion.

  

Decline Dumbbell Press - 3 sets of 10 reps

Notes:
The decline press gives Mr. Olympia's chest that sharp cut look towards the bottom and is what completes the chest separation from the abs - it rounds out the chest and helps to make it look fuller and gives the chest more thickness than the flat or incline movements can do.

Technique:
With the bench at about a 30-degree angle, start with the dumbbells just outside of your upper chest and press them up towards the midline until they almost touch in the center. Then lower the dumbbells back down in a slow and controlled manner.

  

Workout #2 - Biceps (PM Split):

Barbell Curls - 3 sets of 10 reps

Notes:
Explosive as biceps may be, they also tire quickly. Jay uses just a few, high-intensity sets where he can really exhaust the muscles from different angles. This is enough to trigger the growth response you need for freaky guns.

Technique:
With your hands shoulder-width apart, grip a barbell with an underhand grip. Stand straight up with your shoulders squared and with your feet shoulder-width apart.

Without swinging the weight, curl the bar up toward your chest in an arc. Keep your elbows in the same place and close to your sides. Bring the weight up as high as you can and squeeze the biceps at the top to pull as much blood into the area as possible for a great pump. Lower the weight slowly, resisting all the way down until your arms are nearly straight.

  

Dumbbell Curls - 3 sets of 10 reps

Notes:
For overall mass, dumbbell curls are a must for Jay Cutler. It allows him to achieve a full range of motion while getting a maximal stretch at the bottom of the movement. Keep the form strict and you'll get a crazy sleeve-splitting pump.

Dumbbell Curls Are A Must For Jay Cutler.

Technique:
Hold two dumbbells with arms extended down. Curl the dumbbells up and out with both hands and turn your wrists as the weights are raised. This will help you squeeze your biceps to fuller contraction and will force a bigger peak to your guns. Then, slowly return to start position, resisting all the way down.

 

 Dumbbell Preacher Curls - 3 sets of 10 reps

Notes:
Jay considers this exercise an isolating movement as it really focuses stress on the peak, which is found on the short head of the bicep and adds to fullness at the lower portion of this muscle. It is also one the best movements for enhancing overall size.

 Cli
Preacher Curls Are One Of The Best

Movements For Enhancing Overall Size.

Technique:
Using a regular preacher bench, hold the dumbbell with an underhand grip while locking your elbow firmly in place in an extended position on the bench. Slowly curl the dumbbell up, trying to touch the shoulder of the arm being worked. Make sure to squeeze your bicep at the peak of the contraction. This will force maximum blood into the area, exposing snake-like vascularity!

  

Common Mistakes At The Gym

I've trained at many gyms and health clubs in several different states over the past 20 years. During my numerous workouts, I've observed the various people exercising around me. Some really know what they're doing, while others look like it's their first time in the gym - even though I've seen some "first-timers" working out a few dozen times!

I've seen many people performing ineffective exercises, sloppy form when executing movements and sometimes conducting bad habits, which are dangerous. Hopefully you can avoid some of these common mistakes if you're made aware of them.

Correct Poundages

The biggest mistake that impedes progress is gender-related. Probably ego-related, too. Generally, men try to lift too much weight and women use too little weight during resistance training. I've seen it over and over.

Guys will lie down on the bench press, unrack a huge amount of weight from the support stands, and then drop the weight to their chest. The bar bounces off of their chest about an inch and then their training buddy grabs the bar and curls most of the weight up. This happens while the training buddy screams, "It's all you, man. Push it up!"

Women, on the other hand, are just the opposite. They are so afraid of getting big and muscular that they will continue to use five-pound dumbbells year in and year out.

When I see a woman at the gym using 20-pound dumbbells for arm curls, I think to myself, "Good for her. She's figured out the secret to making progress." Weight training is progressive resistance.

Progressive Resistance

Think of it this way: In order to make progress, you have to increase the resistance. That's what tones up your muscles. You have to challenge them. Don't baby them.

Okay, so now we know that men use too much weight and women don't use enough. So, how much weight should someone be lifting? Begin with a weight that allows you to easily complete two sets of 15 as a warm-up then choose a weight that will allow you to perform between 8 and 12 repetitions.

If you can't do eight reps, it's too heavy. If you can do more than 12, it's too light and you need to add a little. Add enough weight that will again allow you to only get eight reps. That's usually done by adding about five pounds.

Sloppy Form

Swaying and using momentum to move weights are usually the culprits when someone gets injured during exercise. What's the reason for using momentum to lift a weight? The weight is too heavy to move in a controlled manner so it has to be heaved up in order to complete the movement.

I've seen dislocated shoulders, back injuries and muscle tears occur from this sloppy style of training. Stay in control. You won't make progress by becoming injured.

Talking Too Much

People tend to go to gyms and health clubs for a variety of reasons. Some want only a little exercise to make them feel better about themselves, while others are on a serious mission to lose 75 pounds. Still others are at the gym for the social atmosphere.

Some people just want to talk. They might be at the gym for two hours a day, but they might only be spending 20 minutes working out. The other 100 minutes are spent chit-chatting.

If you're at the gym to make progress, cut down on the chatter and focus on yourworkout. Talk before and after your workout and keep conversations to a minimum during your workout. Your workouts will be more intense and you'll spend less time at the gym.

Performing Exercises Inefficiently

Hundreds, possibly thousands of variations of exercises can be done these days. There are free-weight exercises and those that can be done on machines. With most machines, it's fairly easy to do them correctly. You don't have a great deal of choice. You move the weight stack of the machine in the path or groove that it was designed to travel in.

Free-weight exercises are a little trickier to perform correctly and these are the exercises that I see people performing incorrectly. Inefficiently might be a better description.

Below are photos of four exercises I see many people performing inefficiently.

 Side Lateral Raises

The first exercise, side lateral raises, is for the shoulders. This exercise is designed to work the sides of your shoulder muscles - the lateral deltoid. It's very effective in toning the shoulders and contributes to the upper arm having a firm appearance once it is developed.

  

The WRONG Way To Do Side Lateral Raises.

Side lateral raise incorrectly - The starting point is too high
and the dumbbells should not be pulled back.

When side lateral raises are done incorrectly, you don't isolate the side of the shoulder muscle but the focus is then placed on the front of the shoulder, the anterior deltoid. Overhead pressing movements and most chest exercises tend to stimulate the front area sufficiently so it's better to do an exercise to strengthen the side of the deltoid muscle as well.

  

The RIGHT Way To Do Side Lateral Raises.
Side lateral raise correctly - The dumbbells are facing each other at hip level
and raised to the sides while slightly turning the wrist down and forward.

In addition to overtraining the front of the shoulder, straining the rotator cuff in the shoulder joint is also a possibility by doing lateral raises incorrectly.

 One-Arm Dumbbell Row

The next exercise is the one-arm dumbbell row. In this exercise you mimic the starting of a lawnmower. Done correctly its very effective at building and toning the muscles on the side of the upper back. Getting a full stretch at the bottom is important and it should be pulled up to the hip, not your shoulder.

  
The WRONG Way To Do One-Arm Dumbbell Rows.
One-arm dumbbell row incorrectly - Do not pull the weight up to
the shoulder and do not swing the weight forward.

Pulling it up to the shoulder brings the back shoulder muscles and upper arm muscle into play and there are more effective exercises to hit those muscles also.

  

The RIGHT Way To Do One-Arm Dumbbell Rows.
One-arm dumbbell row correctly - The weight is pulled up to the
hip and allows a full stretch at the bottom.

 Dumbbell Concentration Curl

Arnold Schwarzenegger made the dumbbell concentration curl a very popular exercise for the muscle of the upper arm, which is called the bicep. This exercise helps to tone and gives a nice roundness to the bicep muscle.

  

The WRONG Way To Do Dumbbell Concentration Curls.
Concentration curl incorrectly - The arm is not fully extended
and you should not rest the elbow on the knee.

Many people tend to rest the elbow on the knee and allow leverage to help them lift the weight. I like to do them the way Arnold did because he knows a thing or two about training biceps!

  

The RIGHT Way To Do Dumbbell Concentration Curls.
Concentration curl correctly - The arm is fully extended
and the bicep is fully contracted.

 Barbell Squat

The last exercise is one that many people skip entirely. It separates the women from the girls and the men from the boys. It's the barbell squat. Quite frankly, it's the most difficult of all exercises.

  

The WRONG Way To Do Barbell Squats.
Squat Incorrectly - Go deeper than one-quarter of the way
down and do not point the toes straight forward.

Squats will leave you exhausted after only a few sets, which is precisely why they are so effective. They burn lots of calories in addition to adding tone and strength to your legs, hips and glutes.

With that being said, however, if you have bad knees or chronic low back pain you may want to substitute another leg exercise or do squats in a Smith machine for added stability.

  

The RIGHT Way To Do Barbell Squats.
Squat correctly - The thighs are parallel to the floor and
the toes are pointed slightly out to the sides.

If your knees are healthy and you've got a strong lower back, go for it! Don't wimp out on these. Go down until your thighs are parallel to the floor and then back up. If you only go down a quarter of the way, you'll lose three-quarters of the benefit.

Working Out Too Long

It's a common misbelief that in order for your exercise plan to keep being effective, you have to add more exercises or to do longer stretches of cardio. Many people have a hard time believing that my weight-training workouts normally last about 25-30 minutes and my cardio sessions are less than 30 minutes.

The trick is to work harder, not longer. That's done by lifting heavier, resting less in between sets, and doing only one or two sets per exercise instead of three to five. It also means walking, running or riding faster, not longer. It's simple, but it works - try it!